This research makes a critical approach to the concept of identity in Chile, stating that there is an omission of the indigenous and a scarce recognition of miscegenation. The study arises from an artistic perspective, touching historical and sociological aspects. Three ethnic groups belonging to the original peoples of Chile are used for the study, considered the most significant in the conformation of the Chilean identity: Mapuches, Aymaras, and Selknam. They represent the symbolic metaphor of the foundation of the territory, considering its geographical location and historical importance.

The work explores these antecedents and assesses them from a current perspective, reflecting on past and present actors, considered the most relevant in shaping identity, both in the theoretical sphere and in the complementary production of artistic work.